CAA (Citizenship Amendment Bill) ?

Issue –

CAA bill was passed by Indian parliament and when this bill was signed by president it became law but when this news came into media and people know about this news, suddenly protest were started across the nation it was started from Assam and then spread in the whole nation without knowing what is CAA and NRC. What is the difference between them? 

There is a lot confusion in this Act so discuss this issue in questionnaire form for better understanding.

Let’s discuss, what is CAA and NRC?

Summary-

Citizenship amendment act 2019 (CAA) passed by the Indian Parliament and became a law on 12 December 2019 after signed by the President Shree Ramnath Kovind. This act gives protest in a whole nation because many people felt, the new provisions added by the central government are discriminatory and discriminating against other religions.

What is Citizenship Amendment Act 2019?

According to the citizenship Amendment act, the following religions people can get Indian citizenship those who have entered India before 31 Dec 2014 from Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Bangladesh.

The religions are -

Ø Hindu

Ø Sikh

Ø Buddhist

Ø Jain

Ø Parsi

Ø Christian

   Why people are protesting—

1.    There is a myth that CAA is violating Article 371, but it does not violate any article.

2.    Those who are opposing the CAA feel that the new provision is against the secular foundation of India.

3.    People are confused between the concept of NRC (National Register of Citizens) and CAA (citizenship Amendment Act).

4.    The North- East who are most affected by the problems of illegal migration are against this whole idea of giving citizenship to illegal migrants, irrespective of their religions.

5.    People thought CAA dilutes Assam accord but it does not dilute the sanctity of Assam accord as far.

6.    Most people think it will affect the tribal areas of Assam but CAA does not apply to the tribal areas of Assam, Meghalaya, and other NE states.

7.    The main aspect of protesting is “this CAA is not included Muslims community”

8.    People are confused between CAA and NRC.

   

    For Matter of Awareness—

• our Home Minister stated in parliament that                            
• ‘’CAA citizenship dene ka bill he Lene ka Nahi”

1.    CAA is a Law and NRC is a process. CAA will give citizenship and NRC is not in running

2.    There is no need to worry for an Indian citizen of any Religion about CAA and NRC.

3.    NRC is for every citizen of India .it is a citizen register in which names of every Indian will record.

4.    NRC is not in running whenever it will implement nobody will exclude from this country based on his religion.

5.    CAB and NRC both are constitutional Activities,its comes under constitution of India not Unconstitutional.

Brief About Citizenship Amendment Act

• Govt gave relaxation in the naturalization process—

This act creates an exemption for those 6 communities from those 3 countries and reduces the 11 years requirement to 6 years.

• Cancellation of registration of overseas citizenship-

 The citizenship act 1955 provides that the central govt may cancel the registration of OCI’s (Overseas Citizenship).

• What is OCI’s –

 The overseas Citizenship of India (OCI’s) is an immigration status permitting foreign citizens of Indian origin to live and work in the republic of India indefinitely.

•  How is citizenship decided? Will it be the involvement of the government?

Citizenship of any person is decided based on the citizenship rules 2009. These rules are based on the citizenship act of 1955. This rule is publically in front of everyone.

• There are five ways for any person to become a citizen of India;

1.    Citizenship by Birth.

2.    Citizenship by Descent.

3.    Citizenship by Registration.

4.    Citizenship by Naturally.

5.    Citizenship by Incorporation.

Question—Who is a citizen of India?

1. A person who born between 26 Jan 1950 to 1 July 1987 is a citizen       of India, whether his parents belong to any country.

2. A person born between 1 July 1987 to 2 December 2004 and when his parents were in India.

3. A person who born in India after 3 December 2004 and his parents should be Indian not to be illegal immigrants

5. A person less than 18 years but his parents should be Indian citizens.

6. A person if his parents and ancestors belong to India but he was born in another country can get citizenship by the process.

7. By naturalization, it means if a person who lived in India for 11+1     years before applying for citizenship he has to be in India.

Question - What is the need of CAA and NRC?

Infiltration is an old problem in Assam and other parts of India. To curb it, there was a movement started in 1985, the Rajiv Gandhi govt to identify the intruders, had to agree to prepare NRC assuming the cut-off date 25 march 1971.

Question - What is the effect of CAA on Indian citizens?

No, It does not affect Indian citizens in any way. Indians will enjoy their fundamental rights conferred on them by the constitution of India.

Question -  Who can apply for citizenship under CAA?

• This act is relevant only for Hindu, Sikh, Parsi, Jain, Buddhist, Christian foreigners who have migrated from Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Afghanistan into India up to 31 December 2014 due to persecution faced by them due to their religion.

Question - Does it benefit these 6 religions foreigners from these three countries?

• Let's suppose their travel documents like passport, visa, and other documents are not available, despite this they can apply for Indian citizenship if they were persecuted back home.

makes legal rights for these migrants.

Question- What is the minimum residence for citizenship in India?

Minimum residency requirement in India would be only 6 years instead of 12 years as applicable for all other categories of foreigners.

Question - What if a person is illiterate and does not have a relevant document?

In this case, the authorities will allow that person to bring a witness also other evidence and community verification, etc will also be allowed. a proper procedure will be followed. No Indians citizen will be put in under trouble.

Question - There are a large number of people in India who do not have homes and are not educated and they do not even have any basis of identity. What will happen to such people?

This is not entirely correct. Such people vote on some basis and they also the benefits of the welfare schemes of the govt, their identity will be enlisted based on that.